Assessment of Techniques Applied to Limit Dust Emission to Atmosphere in Tartous Cement Company

• Nabila Ali
• Tatous, Syria
• International Conference About the Sustainable Development in the Syrian Coast

Abstract

Assessment was made regarding the environmental performance of Tartous cement company through measuring the dust emission quantities to atmosphere at the site of the factory and adjoining areas between 1999 - 2004 , besides its components and concentration , along with defining the closed and open sources for dust emission at the length of the technical process breaking - milling - mixing - packing , and the impact of climate factors on the emitted quantities , to discuss the employed methods to limit dust to air emission (type - place of deposit - its mode of operation and efficiency and factors affecting),in the field of improvement project of the traditional ways , and activate the new one, that it can reduce the emissions from the cement manufacture, and it is of economic benefit by return the dust emissions to the technological circle and reduce the pollution in the surrounding area to achieve sustainable development in the Syrian coast. for it still available to reconcile between the economic progress and environmental security.
and the following was reached :
- based on comparing the quantities of entering raw materials (lime 77% , baselt 2% , sand3%) and the quantities of clinker produced and the final production of cement , taking into consideration the added materials (gypsum 3.5 - 4% and posolane 5 - 6%) we realize that in order to produce 6000 tons of klinker we need about 10000 tons of raw materials of which is lost gases and vapors about 4500 tons. In order to achieve cement produced quantity 5700 tons, and regarding the modes employed to limit dust emission we conclude the following:
(1). Newly mounted electric precipitators :
this affected good performance achieved high efficiency that reached 99.97% confirmed through performance tests affected to it , and the quantity of emitted dust was 31mgm3 which is bellow the international norm which is 50mgm3 and before installation of these precipitators the emitted quantities over passed the international norm by about 3 - 13 times.
(2). The cyclones :
were of law capacity due to their old age and the wear due to friction between materials and the body of cyclone mode of normal steel , these achieve good efficiency only in case of coarse materials.
(3). Fabric filters :
were of lower efficiency due to its aging and the multiple wear in the pipes and fans and filter leakage , these filters in optimum operation conditions achieve filtering rate reaches less of 150 mgm3 (Standard rate) , this operates on the principle of mechanical vibrations.
We recommend to use compressed air system that achieve high capacity up to 99%. We realize that for the temperature of dust laden air and the dew point great importance to define the type of filter used along the technologic line of cement industry.
As for the fabric filters the inlet air temperature should not except 150 degree centigrade in the mills of raw materials , cement and the storage siloes , the bag material a rule in that through its resistance to temperature. The cyclones use air which temperature is 250 - 300 centigrade after the cooling units. The best performance for the cyclones is at the raw materials breaking machine where the coarse materials , and the best performance for electric precipitators at inlet air temperature of 120 degree C. after the temperature average for over outlet air. The topographic nature and relief site of the fabric due to high mountains and humidity sine it is near to the sea , all that will prevent dust spread and thus difficulty of sell purification besides the tempered temperature , where dust concentrates in lower sites instead of rising up , in addition to irregular winds which have great impact on irregularity of pollution period.