Species diversity of Zoobenthos in the Syrian Coast: A Recent Field Study of 3 Sites (Ras El Bassit, Lattakia & South of Tartus)
- Dr. Izdihar Ammar
- High Inst. of Marine Research, P.O.Pox: 2242, Latakia, Syria
Email: i-ammar@scs-net.org
- The Regional Workshop on Marine Sciences & Natural Resources, HIMR, Tishreen Univ., Syria, 25-26 May 2004.
Abstract
Within the scientific project "Marine biodiversity in Syrian Lebanese coasts and its relation to surrounding conditions focusing on migrant species" which has been organized, in collaboration with the High Institute of Marine Research (Syria) and National Centre of Marine Science (Lebanon), 15 Marine cruieses and Seasonal sampling were carried out in three areas of the Syrian Coast: Ras eL-Bassit, Lattakia and South of Tartus during the period (September 2002 - Augest 2003), these marine areas better preserved in the Syrian coast
Samples were collected from the Littoral and sublittoral zones down to depth (70 m) with dive, van - veen grab and dredge.
Environmental factors such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, conductivity, pH, grain size composition, type of substratum and depth were evaluated during the sampling.
195 species of Porifera,, Cnidaria, Bryozoa, Sipunculida, Polychaeta, Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Crustacea, Echinodermata, Brachiopoda, Ascidiacea and various minor groups.
Most of these species belong to the Atlantic and Mediterranean fauna.
(5) Species of Indo-pacific origin, never previously sighted in Syria, have been added to the previous list of migrant species in the Syrian coast. Some of these migrant species succeeded in colonizing and dominance.
A zonation of benthic invertebrate was observed, clearly related to depth and substratum type
The analysis of samples showed considerable differences in faunal, bionomic, quantity features of the macro population in the studied sites
Overall the areas are intact, but some recommendations are necessary to sensitize the population and to control some human activities such as fishing, and tourism.
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