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Host-Age And Host-Species Preference Of Various Strains Of The Egg Parasitoid, Trichogramma Cacoeciae Marchal
Wa'el Almatni(1) C.P.W. Zebitz (2) J.C. Monje(2) M. Jamal(3)
(1)Department of Plant Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, Damascus, Syria
E-mail: : almatni@scs-net.org
(2)Institute of Phytomedicin, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany
(3)Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
Abstract
Host-age preference was assessed by directly observing the behavior of single females of four strains (German, Danish, and two Syrian) of Trichogramma cacoeciae Marchal towards randomly arranged small groups of fresh (<24 h) and old (red ring stage) eggs of codling moth, Cydia pomonella L. Subsequently, the number of parasitized eggs of each age was recorded. Results showed that one of the Syrian strains (Sy2) behaved indifferently between both ages, whereas other three strains preferred significantly fresh eggs rather than old ones. The host-selection behavior of the same four strains of T. cacoeciae, towards eggs of C. pomonella and the grape berry moth, Lobesia botrana (Denis and Schiffer.), was investigated in the laboratory. It is preferable that the candidate strain for biocontrol of C. pomonella is also effective on L. botrana, the most important grapevine pest in the area proposed for release. Continuous observation for one hour was done on searching and parasitizing behavior of individual females, which offered alternatively the same numbers of two host-eggs in a rectangular grid. A 24 hours release-host-select test was done with providing the same numbers (15 eggs) of the two hosts to identify their preference behavior. Results showed significant difference between strains in their preference to both hosts. Preference index suggests that German and Danish strains prefer Cydia eggs over Lobesia eggs (P>0.05) in a 24-hour test and one hour observation. In contrast, both Syrian strains, Sy1and Sy2, have no significant (P< 0.05) preference to Cydia or Lobesia host-eggs in both kind of tests.
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