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Search For Sources Of Resistance In Barley And Wheat ýGenotypes Against Common Root Rot Disease
Rana Naeb, Ahmed El- Ahmed,(1)Amor Yahyaoui and Miloudi Nachit(2) ýý
(1)Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Aleppo University, ýAleppo, Syria
(2)
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), ýAleppo P. O. Box 5466, Aleppo-Syria,
Abstract
A total of 156 genotypes of wheat and barley (40 genotypes from each of ýspring bread wheat, durum wheat, barley, and 36 of facultative bread wheat) were ýtested for their reaction against common root rot causal organisms Bipolaris ýsorokiniana (Sacc. in Sorok.) Shoem., Fusarium culmorum (W. G. ýSmith) Sacc. and a mixture of 30 pathogenic isolates of Fusarium spp., ýseparately. The severity was determined on the sub-crown internode according to a ýý0-3 scale. Results showed significant differences between genotypes in their ýreaction to these pathogens tested. In general, F. culmorum and B. ýsorokiniana were more damaging than Fusarium spp., which were, in ýgeneral, the least virulent. The facultative bread wheat group tested was the most ýresistant against each of the three causal organisms, compared to spring bread ýwheat, barley and durum wheat. This study confirmed the influence of common ýroot rot disease on durum and bread wheat in northern Syria, and revealed a high ýsusceptibility of durum wheat genotypes to F. culmorum. Also, it ýconfirmed the importance of B. sorokiniana in the same region as a main ýpathogen on barley. Many varieties and lines of wheat and barley showed good ýresistance against the three pathogens tested.ý
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