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Population Dyanamics of the Citrus Mealy bug Planococcus citri Risso (Homopterae: Psedococcidae) On Grapevine Tunisia
N. Mahfoudhi (1), M.H. Dhouibi (1) N. Chabbouh (2) and R. Bessai (2).
(1) Laboratoire d’entomologie, Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie (INAT), 43 avenue Charles Nicolle, 1082 Tunis –Mahrajène Tunisie.
E-mail: nmahfoudhi@yahoo.fr
(2) Laboratoire de protection des végétaux, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique de Tunisie (INRAT), Rue Hedi Kharray, 2049 Ariana – Tunisie.
Abstract
The citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri, is a serious pest of grapevine in Tunisia. Population dynamics was studied using both pheromone traps and plants samples. The study was carried out in two vineyards in the north of Tunisia. Planococcus citri overwinter in the lower vine sections, such as trunk and roots. Mealybug density increased in spring (April-May) and started to move on to the upper parts of the vine (new canes, leaves and bunches) as the season progressed. There were 3-4 generations of the P. citri per year as suggested by sampling and male flights by pheromones traps. In autumn, mealybugs returned to protected parts. Two native parasitoids were recorded; Anagyrus pseudococci (Girault) and Leptomastidea abnormis (Girault). The parasitism level was low in the beginning of the season (2.73% in May), which is attributed to the mealybug distribution in protected parts. The peak of parasitism (28.57%) was recorded in September.
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