A simplified method for design of sanitary networks.

Dr.Dr. Adel Awad
Department of Civil Engineering, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

Abstract

Protection of water resources-natural and salt-from pollution by urban wastewater necessitates the availability of an integral sewage systems consist basically of sewerage networks and their treatment units. Practically, the sewerage networks cost About 70-80% of total system cost, while the rest goes to wastewater treatment units or plants.
Since the role of the sewerage networks is so important for the protection of water resources, this paper has developed design graphs for sanitary networks and determined their suitable mathematical models in accordance with the principle of a suitable group of design diameters that serve to realize speed and accuracy. The development has comprised several different hydraulic cases such as full flow and partial flow depth for best hydraulic cross section, taking into consideration the necessary hydraulic conditions such as speed and partial flow depth. Design environmental engineers can use such graphs and their mathematical models easily and at the same time attain the best designs for sanitary networks. The application of the procedures in these graphs is given in detail and illustrated by a design example for a small actual network. These graphs can be also of benefit in determining the suitable needed in the case of old and still used sanitary networks but insufficient for maximum rain flow, thus require change or restoration.