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Application of Pseudomonas Spp. To Wheat As Biological Control Agents Against
Microdochium nivale and Fusarium culmorum
- Tahsein Amein
- The Mase laboratories
- The Third International Conference onIPM Role in Integrated Crop management and Impacts on Environment and Agricultural Products. 26-29 November 2005, Giza, Egypt.
Abstract
All members of the Gramineae are attacked by Fusarium species. Microdochium nivale (Fr.) Samuels & Halle (formally Fusarium nivale) also called" snow mould" cause great losses in winter wheat, barley and rye by killing the weakened plants under the snow. Losses in case of particularly susceptible varieties infected at autumn may reach 80 % of winter wheat seedlings.
. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of selected bacterial strains against the wheat (Triticum aestivum) diseases caused by seed and soil-borne pathogens M. nivale and Fusarium. culmorum (W.G. Smith) Sacc. More than 200 bacterial strains, isolated from roots of wild and cultivated plants were screened for their efficacy against these pathogens on wheat in greenhouse tests. Many of the strains decreased the diseases, and some of them enhanced and increased the diseases, while a few had no effect. Five bacterial strains used as seed- treatment of different cultivars of both spring and winter wheat with naturally and artificially pathogens infestation, were tested for disease suppression in field experiments. A strain of Pseudomonas significantly increased the number of germinated seedlings and emerged plants in three different experiments with two different winter wheat cultivars (Kosack & Tarso) highly naturally infested by M. nivale. Also the same strain increased the number of plants per square meter by 73 % in the spring wheat (cv Curry) with artificially highly seed infestation of F. culmorum. This strain was almost as effective as the fungicides Sibutol 280 LS, Panoctine 400 and Celest 025 FS in controlling the seedling blight disease of wheat.
Key words: biological control, seed and soil borne pathogens, seed treatment, wheat, Triticum aestivum.
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